03/15/2012 | zdiplok

1. Азаров публічно підтвердив можливість закупки російського газу у німецької компанії.


Naftogaz wants to buy Russian gas from Germans - Azarov

National joint stock company Naftogaz of Ukraine is in talks with the German energy concern RWE on Russian gas imports from Europe to Ukraine in a reverse order, which would be cheaper than buying gas directly from Russia.

Ukrainian Prime Minister Mykola Azarov said this in an interview with the German newspaper Die Welt, the online version of which was published on Tuesday.

"Naftogaz wants to buy Russian gas from the German RWE in the so-called reverse order," he said.

At the same time, the head of the Ukrainian government noted that Kyiv still hopes to sign a new gas deal with Russia. "Otherwise we will really buy Russian gas from a German company, which would be cheaper than directly from Russia. And it would be a paradox," he said. In this context, the Prime Minister reminded that Ukraine paid $1.2 billion for the Russian gas delivered in February.

According to Azarov, because of "unfair" high prices for Russian gas, Ukraine is forced to seek alternative sources. In particular, it is planned to build a terminal for liquefied natural gas in the Black Sea. "We have already reached agreement with the Spanish firm Socoin on preparing a relevant study," he said. However, the Prime Minister added, this takes getting Turkey's permission for the passage of tankers with liquefied gas through Bosporus Strait. The transportation of gas from Azerbaijan via the Black Sea is also considered as an alternative, but for this, he noted, Azerbaijan should build a plant for liquefying natural gas.


2. Бойко : Україна готова ДО БУДЬ ЯКИХ ВАРІЯНТІВ здешевлення газу

Boiko: Ukraine ready to accept any option to reduce gas price

Ukraine is considering options to reduce the price of gas and is ready to accept any cost-effective option, Ukrainian Energy and Coal Industry Minister Yuriy Boiko said at a Cabinet of Ministers meeting on Wednesday.

"We are considering various options to reduce the price of gas, whose ultimate goal is to improve the performance of our economy. And as part of this consideration, any option that is economically justified will be accepted," he said.

Boiko also noted that Ukraine planned to continue to provide gas supplies in various routes, but domestic gas production remains a priority.

"Given the trend that we saw in two months, we will meet our commitments to increase our own production of natural gas by a billion cubic meters this year," the minister said.

3. Додатковим у стратегії енергонезалежності має стати
сінтетичний паливний газ з вугілля, древесини і т.і.

2.
Coal­ to­ SNG
Technology

2.1.
Brief
Description

Steam‐oxygen
gasification,
hydrogasification,
and
catalytic
steam
gasification
are
the
three
gasification

processes
used
in
coal‐to‐SNG.
The
proven
and
commercialized
method
of
gasification
for
the
coal‐to‐
SNG
process,
however,
is
the
steam‐oxygen
gasification
process.

2.1.1.
Steam‐oxygen
gasification
In
the
steam‐oxygen
process
of
converting
coal
to
SNG,
coal
is
gasified
with
steam
and
oxygen.
The

gasification
process
produces
carbon
monoxide
(CO),
hydrogen
(H2),
carbon
dioxide
(CO2),
methane

(CH4),
and
higher
hydrocarbons
such
as
ethane
and
propane.
The
gas
composition
depends
upon
the

gasifier
conditions,
i.e.,
temperature
and
pressure.
At
higher
temperatures
and
pressures,
the
major

products
are
CO
and
H2.
Three
moles
of
H2
are
required
to
react
with
each
mole
of
CO
to
produce
one

mole
of
CH4.
The
concentration
of
H2
in
syngas
is
increased
by
a
step
called
the
water‐gas
shift
reaction,

which
is
followed
by
a
gas
cleaning.
The
cleaned
gas,
consisting
primarily
of
CO
and
H2,
reacts
in
the
methanation
reactor
in
the
presence
of
a
catalyst
to
produce
CH4
and
H2O.
The
resulting
gas,
after
H2O

condensation
and
polishing,
if
required,
is
synthetic
natural
gas
(SNG).
Figure
1
shows
the
flow
diagram

of
steam‐oxygen
gasification.
The
essential
components
of
the
process
are
the
air
separation
unit,
the

gasifier,
the
water‐gas
shift
reactor,
syngas
cleanup,
and
the
methanation
reactor.
Each
component
is

described
below.

Air
Separation
Unit

Oxygen
required
in
the
gasifier
is
either
supplied
by
vendors
or
generated
on‐site
using
an
air
separation

unit
(ASU).
Cryogenic
air
separation
is
the
technology
generally
used
in
the
ASU.

Gasifier

The
most
important
and
basic
component
of
the
coal‐to‐SNG
process
is
the
gasifier.
The
gasifier

converts
coal
into
syngas
(primarily
CO
and
H2)
using
steam
and
oxygen
(O2),
generally
at
a
high

temperature
and
under
high
pressure.