Відповіді

• 2002.03.10 | Serhiy Hrysch

  Цікаві матеріали з Вашигтон Таймз

  По перше, подаю передрук статті, мо кому знадобиться.
  
  Як завжди, bulls..t. Наприклад, оце,
  "We also need to seriously work on transparency of government and to create conditions where society can control the government's work."
  
  А як вам оце? "Without question, you won't be able to increase the level of trust in government with only words and slogans. You need action. My assignment is to do that, not with populist methods, but with economic and market methods."
  
  А питання такі Наталя Фудущак задавала, як все рівно консультант USAID. Ну, які питання, такі і відповіді. То що Кінаха відповіді це ...e... pervervicism якийсь, тоце точно.
  
  
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  Democracy seen as crucial part of a healthy, growing economy
  
  Correspondent Natalia A. Feduschak of The Washington Times recently interviewed Ukraine's Prime Minister Anatoly Kinakh in Kiev. Their conversation came after Moody's Investors Services issued its annual report on Ukraine last month, saying the country's economic growth had picked up substantially.
  
  
  Question: How would you characterize the current political and economic situation as Ukraine heads into the March 31 elections?
  Answer: In structural economic reforms, we were able in the last two, two-and-a-half years to achieve rather dynamic growth in our macroeconomic and macrofinancial indicators.
  In the first 11 months of [2001], Ukraine's economy showed its best indicators. Gross domestic product grew by 9 percent, while industry grew by 15.4 percent, and inflation was 4.5 percent.
  We've renewed our work with the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. At fairly optimal conditions, we reached agreement about restructuring our external debt with the Paris Club of creditors. For this process to become irreversible, we need to deepen structural market reforms by bettering the social climate, creating a higher level of protection for investors and [business] owners, furthering work on questions associated with a transparent, modern taxation system and assisting in the development of small- and medium-size businesses — which are the basis for the development of a middle class, which is the guarantor of democracy and the market development of a country.
  All this will depend very seriously on how much the conditions are created for effective and professional cooperation between the levels of government — the president, parliament and local government — and how much we are able to increase the level of trust in reforms and government.
  The discussion today is not only about structural market reforms, but about the formation of the main principles of a civil society in Ukraine.
  Increasing the protection of human rights, freedom of speech and structural market reforms are also tied to the dictates of forming of a civil society with democratic ideals. This will also influence the pace of our integration into the European and world economic-political system.
  Q: How do you overcome the skepticism people have in reforms and government?
  A: I'm absolutely sure it is impossible to create a modern market economy — a transparent competitive market — without cementing democratic ideals. The formation of a civil society as a whole — this is what we would like bring to people, now that we have practically begun elections to Ukraine's future parliament.
  So that we cement and make irreversible the formation of a market economy and democracy in Ukraine, we need this parliament to have a majority that knows how to create democratic principles. That will create attractive conditions for the deepening of market-oriented structural reforms. That's why this period is very important for Ukraine.
  We also need to seriously work on transparency of government and to create conditions where society can control the government's work. It is necessary to create conditions where there is a constant dialogue between society and government and to have effective contact between government and society.
  It is also very necessary people understand how much of a responsibility they have, particularly with the elections. When they go to the election districts, they hold not only [candidate lists], but they hold their future, their children's future and the future of the government, in their hands. That, too, will determine how much Ukraine will move forward as a democratic nation and as a country which is forming a market economy.
  Without question, you won't be able to increase the level of trust in government with only words and slogans. You need action. My assignment is to do that, not with populist methods, but with economic and market methods.
  Q: What about problems some investors have faced in Ukraine?
  A: The investment climate has been created by the questions surrounding the taxation system.
  As a government we need to understand the investment level will be determined by how much the state defends the rights of investors.
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  • 2002.03.10 | Serhiy Hrysch

    Нова стаття з Вашигтон Таймз, непереведена.

    Знову писала Наталя Фудущак. І писала у стилі USAID або Київ Пост 1995 року. Стаття оптимістична, що стало трошки краще. Знову про "закордонні інвестиції", якби у колоніальному стилі. Далі з приколів іде фраза "Western-style tax code", "податкові закони західного типу". А які у нас закони, "восточного типу"???
    
    Взагалі, стаття нормальна, послужить для України, трошки.
    
    
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    Capitalism takes root in Ukraine
    By Natalia A. Feduschak
    THE WASHINGTON TIMES
    
    
    KIEV — For Volodymyr Avramenko, the surest barometer of Ukraine's economic health is how well his company's high-end chocolates sell.
    
    
    Three years ago, his confectionery company, AVK, struggled to sell boxed, luxury chocolates. Last year, however, the Donetsk-based enterprise posted $75 million in revenues, a modest increase from the year before.
    "People have more money to spend," said Mr. Avramenko, who plans to expand his business. "Things are getting better."
    While Ukraine continues to be criticized for sluggish reforms and Western governments voice concerns that its March 31 parliamentary elections will be manipulated to favor the ruling elite, a bright spot is emerging — the economy.
    To be sure, Ukraine's economy still faces many problems. The country's standard of living lags behind those of Russia and other Eastern European nations, legislators haven't passed a rational tax code, and foreign investment lags.
    Yet with a 9 percent growth rate in 2001 and inflation at 6 percent, Ukraine had one of the fastest growing economies in Europe last year. January's inflation in Ukraine was 1 percent, down from 1.6 percent in December, the State Statistical Committee told Ukraine Interfax. In contrast, the country was battered by inflation of 26 percent in 2000 and 19 percent in 1999.
    Small-business ownership is on the rise nationwide, while small and medium-size privatization is virtually complete. And late last year, after nearly a decade of stalemate, Ukraine's parliament finally approved private land ownership.
    "Ukraine has had 24 months of consecutive growth," said Michael Bleyzer, chief executive officer and president of SigmaBleyzer, a U.S.-based equity-investment fund with significant investments here. "This is not a fluke when the rest of world is slowing down."
    The state of the economy, and how competing political parties see the economic situation on the eve of the election, was discussed at an international roundtable last week.
    Ukraine took several important steps in recent years to bring its economy out of the doldrums, particularly after the 1998 meltdown of the Russian economy, which sent shock waves through the region.
    Kiev instituted fiscal discipline, reduced barter operations, passed deficit-free budgets, eliminated government intervention in the agricultural market and successfully restructured its external debt, according to Edilberto L. Segura, former head of the World Bank's mission here.
    The government of former Prime Minister Victor Yushchenko, whose political group, Our Ukraine, is expected to make a strong showing in this month's elections, also eliminated indebtedness to pensioners and partially settled its debts with government employees.
    "Implementation [of reforms] is the most important thing now," Mr. Segura said. "The situation in Ukraine is more favorable now than in the last 10 years."
    The country's parliament, however, still has not been able to push through a Western-style tax code, which has hampered growth and foreign investment. The economy is expected to take center stage during the elections.
    "We are concerned the pace of growth could slow dow ... without a major revival of investments," said Mr. Segura, who is now Sigma-Bleyzer's chief economist and teaches at Oxford University.
    Foreign direct investment reached $584 million in 2000, up from $437 million the year before. Total foreign investment in Ukraine's economy since independence has reached $3.9 billion, with the food sector being the largest investment recipient.
    Some cautious investors have been scared off by a series of political scandals, including allegations that President Leonid Kuchma was involved in the death of Internet journalist Georgiy Gongadze, who reputed corruption within the administration.
    But foreign investors already in Ukraine complain of layers of bureaucracy and arbitrary application of laws.
    "The lack of rule of law and an independent judiciary is still Ukraine's greatest challenge," said Mark Iwashko, vice president of the Western NIS Enterprise Fund, a venture capital fund that invested $8 million in AVK and is now involved in a nasty lawsuit with one of its portfolio companies over non-payment of debts and violation of corporate governance rights.
    Prime Minister Anatoliy Kinakh said he recognizes more must be done to protect foreign investors.
    "To better the investment climate, we need to increase the level of protection of foreign investors," he said. "And that will depend on how effectively the three levels of government will be able to work together."
    With government officials often at odds over reforms, many of Ukraine's regions have implemented their own programs to foster economic growth, some with surprising results.
    The Donetsk region in eastern Ukraine, for instance, has gained a fair degree of autonomy from Kiev.

  • 2002.03.10 | Serhiy Hrysch

    Третя стаття, під рубрикою Реклама. Увазі Майданівців!

    Написана InternationalSpecialReports.com, рекламодавець Україна, тобто, уряд (посольство).
    
    Є про те, як Росія "діє тиск" на Україну.
    
    З приколів, напишу декілька, але не перекладатиму, бо дуже хочу спати. Майданівці можуть зацікавитися, бо є там такі "м"які приколи".
    
    1) "The rights of individuals to freely express their political opposition and to hold public demonstrations, so long as they are peaceful and non-violent, continues to be strictly observed. Ukraine, having lived through the terrible experience of Soviet Bolshevism, is especially sensitive to upholding these rights."
    типу, ми забезпечуємо право на протест, бо знаємо, як нам в укряді було тяжко при "жахливому досвіді совіцького большевізму".
    
    
    2) "* Second: The Government continues to carry out, to the fullest extent possible, the investigation into the murder of journalist Georgiy Gongadze. FBI assistance in determining the fate of Mr. Gongadze has been very instrumental in helping us to move forward with this inquiry." типу "неоценіма підтримка ФБР".
    
    3)"As Anatoly Zlenko, Ukraine’s Minister for Foreign Affairs, made clear in his meetings with Secretary of State Powell — Ukrainian stability must not be achieved through totalitarianistic means, but rather anchored by democracy." типу, "Ну ми подумали, і вирішили "керувати" не тоталітарними методами, а скоріш демократичними. такі ми цяці".
    
    4)"Today, Ukraine is a country of great ethnic, economic and political diversity. A few of President Kuchma’s opponents, laying claim to being the only true voices of Ukrainian integration, have sought to assassinate the character of the country using incomplete facts and wild allegations. They have attempted to de-link the close ties Ukraine has created with Western governments by focusing their attacks on a handful of domestic problems. However, in Ukraine’s search for unity, it continues to seek the same type of inclusive domestic policies that have long formed the backbone of great political movements in the West."
    Типу, опозиція тільки хоче розірвати нерозірванний зв"язок з заходом.
    
    5) "Recent sociological surveys attest to the fact that many Ukrainian citizens are unclear about their future and the future of their children. "
    Буквально, "Останні соціологічні повідомлення говорять про те, що багатьом Українським громадянам НЕЯСНО своє майбутнє і майбутнє їх дітей." :) Типу, олігархи ще не вирішили, у яку країну змиватися, і куди відправляти своїх дітей.
    
    7) "Ukrainian research institutions have a considerable impact in the popularization of liberal ideas." типу, американці маєть радіти, що українські дослідні організації займаються "популяризацією" (нав"язуванням) "ліберальних ідей"??? Колоніальний маразм.
    
    
    
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    http://www.twtadvertising.com/ukraine/
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    Ukraine
    A young state in the center of Europe. What would be its destiny?
    By John Rosenberg
    
    Even today, nearly ten years after having emerged as a fully independent nation, many people in Washington reflexively include "the" when referring to the fully independent European nation of Ukraine- although one would not similarly refer to "the Spain" or "the France." For most of the twentieth century "the Ukraine" was, to most Western observers, a generalized region within the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics- sandwiched between Russia and Poland in the geographical heart of Europe.
    
    
    
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    While America has had over 200 years to unify, shape and define its national priorities, Ukraine’s democratic history has not yet been written. And while Ukraine is married to a future of free markets and democratic consolidation, it cannot divorce itself entirely from its past. For this reason more than any other, Ukrainians seek continued US engagement - looking to the United States as a democratic role model.
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
    
    The primary question facing Ukraine today is whether or not it will evolve into a Western style, liberal- democratic nation, joining the family of European states, or will it remain locked into the character traits associated with the former Soviet Union- forever at risk of being viewed in a negative light by Western observers.Since achieving independence in 1991 Ukraine has made significant social and economic progress. Last year the nation began to show real economic strength. Within Ukraine the level of both foreign and domestic investment has been steadily rising and there is a hopeful feeling in the air that a gradual and steady recovery are underway. Major strides have also been made in the development of civil, criminal, tax and budgetary legislation, important for strengthening civil society and the creation of a market economy. Against this very encouraging background there are, however, various political difficulties and divisions within the capital city of Kiev which cast a dark cloud over this hard-earned progress.
    
    Three important steps are now being taken by the Ukrainian government to assure that the nation continues moving down the path of economic and political liberalization:
    
    * First: Ukraine is implementing measures to ensure that the resolution of differences inside the country are done in a constitutional and lawful manner. The rights of individuals to freely express their political opposition and to hold public demonstrations, so long as they are peaceful and non-violent, continues to be strictly observed. Ukraine, having lived through the terrible experience of Soviet Bolshevism, is especially sensitive to upholding these rights.
    
    * Second: The Government continues to carry out, to the fullest extent possible, the investigation into the murder of journalist Georgiy Gongadze. FBI assistance in determining the fate of Mr. Gongadze has been very instrumental in helping us to move forward with this inquiry.
    
    * Third: Ukraine continues to carry out its foreign policy in a way that strengthens its independence in accordance with its sovereign interests in a strategically vital region of Central and Eastern Europe.
    
    As Anatoly Zlenko, Ukraine’s Minister for Foreign Affairs, made clear in his meetings with Secretary of State Powell — Ukrainian stability must not be achieved through totalitarianistic means, but rather anchored by democracy.
    
    While America has had over 200 years to unify, shape and define its national priorities, Ukraine’s democratic history has not yet been written. And while Ukraine is married to a future of free markets and democratic consolidation, it cannot divorce itself entirely from its past. For this reason more than any other, Ukrainians seek continued US engagement - looking to the United States as a democratic role model.
    
    
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    The statements made by the Prime Minister of Sweden, the Prime Minister of Great Britain and the latest visit of the Head of the Presidential Administration of Ukraine Mr. Lytvyn to the United States proved that the West is seriously concerned about Ukraine’s destiny. Pope John Paul II’s visit to Ukraine is further evidence of this European tug- notwithstanding the historical religious split between Ukrainians and the Catholic church.
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
    
    Today, Ukraine is a country of great ethnic, economic and political diversity. A few of President Kuchma’s opponents, laying claim to being the only true voices of Ukrainian integration, have sought to assassinate the character of the country using incomplete facts and wild allegations. They have attempted to de-link the close ties Ukraine has created with Western governments by focusing their attacks on a handful of domestic problems. However, in Ukraine’s search for unity, it continues to seek the same type of inclusive domestic policies that have long formed the backbone of great political movements in the West.
    
    Ukraine will face parliamentary elections in 2002 and elect a new president in 2004. President Leonid Kuchma is currently in his second, and last, term as president as mandated by the Ukrainian constitution. The current political situation in Ukraine is driven by two key issues:
    
    The perceived destiny of Ukraine’s economic reforms and Parliamentary elections in 2002.
    
    On April 26 the Parliament of Ukraine dismissed Mr. Yuschenko’s government and on May 29 it confirmed the appointment of Mr. Kinakh as the new Prime Minister of Ukraine. Since its independence Ukraine has seen its seventh government come into office. But this has not hurt the overall development of the country’s economic reforms. Ukraine continually accelerates its pace toward democracy and a free market society despite the fact that it has taken these steps at a pace that has been a little slower than those of its Eastern European neighbors.
    
    Major Theme of New Ukrainian Politicians-the Future
    
    Recent sociological surveys attest to the fact that many Ukrainian citizens are unclear about their future and the future of their children. This has lead to a decrease in social involvement by Ukrainian citizens. Many people cannot understand why they must suffer all these hardships. Non-governmental organizations are at the epicenter of finding solutions to these problems.
    
    Ukrainian research institutions have a considerable impact in the popularization of liberal ideas. They work in a close cooperation with Ukrainian politicians in providing analytical and consultative support for bringing about new ideas and providing governmental oversight.
    
    
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    President Bush’s statements at Göteborg and the Warsaw Summit stating that Europe should not forget about Ukraine and that he didn’t see the future of Ukraine outside of Europe.
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    Today in Ukraine, non-governmental organizations strive to improve the image of Ukraine’s future. In should be pointed out that Ukraine hosts several non-governmental organizations which are operating independent of support from American and European donors.
    
    There is a new generation of Ukrainian politicians. They come from an era of great economic difficulty and a time when politicians had limited ability to bring about improvements. Polls have indicated that Ukrainian citizens place high expectations on these new leaders. Today, 29% of Ukrainians are convinced that this younger generation of politicians will achieve great results in moving the country towards democracy and a socially oriented economy. This new generation emerges not only from the political sector, but also in areas of business, culture, education, etc. Their influence is already appreciable.
    
    These younger politicians and liberal oriented non-governmental organizations have introduced the concept of a socially oriented economy- something new in the language of Ukrainian politics and old style Soviet economic history. They claim that it is critical for Ukraine to develop an economy that minimizes the number of citizens needing state assistance.
    
    No longer with Russia - not yet with Europe
    
    Regardless of the numerous difficulties, Ukrainians never parted with the idea of possessing their own independent state. The concept that Ukraine has a common destiny with Russia in no longer fashionable. Only 28% of the population of Ukraine considers a return to a political union with Russia a viable option. At the same time, the number adherents believing in a European oriented Ukraine is steadily growing- today measuring more than 35% support.
    
    However, it's not necessarily easy for Ukraine to proceed in this direction. Russia has exercised enormous economic pressure on Ukraine, mainly through various trade wars which violate the free trade agreement signed between the two countries.
    
    "Of course we want good relations with Russia, but there is a clear consensus in Ukraine today that our development must be linked to European structures," said Vladimir Lytvyn, head of the Ukrainian Presidential Administration, in an interview with the Washington Times. "No other alternative is even being considered."
    
    
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    Russia has exercised enormous economic pressure on Ukraine, mainly through various trade wars which violate the free trade agreement signed between the two countries.
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    
    
    The meetings between President Kuchma and Polish President Kwasniewsky were especially valuable for Ukraine in opening a primary channel of a dialogue between Ukraine and the West.
    
    The last month and a half has been marked by many signs of disappearing tension in relations between Ukraine and the West. Kuchma’s visits to Italy and Slovakia and his subsequent statements eased the anxiety of the West. The best evidence of this was President Bush’s statements at Göteborg and the Warsaw Summit stating that Europe should not forget about Ukraine and that he didn’t see the future of Ukraine outside of Europe. In the final document of the EU Summit in Göteborg, Ukraine was listed in the "Future of Europe" section, unlike that of Russia, which was relegated to "External relations." The statements made by the Prime Minister of Sweden, the Prime Minister of Great Britain and the latest visit of the Head of the Presidential Administration of Ukraine Mr. Lytvyn to the United States proved that the West is seriously concerned about Ukraine’s destiny. Pope John Paul II’s visit to Ukraine is further evidence of this European tug- notwithstanding the historical religious split between Ukrainians and the Catholic church.
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    • 2002.03.10 | Майдан

      Re: Третя стаття, під рубрикою Реклама. Увазі Майданівців!

      Цікавий абзац :There is a new generation of Ukrainian politicians. They come from an era of great economic difficulty and a time when politicians had limited ability to bring about improvements. Polls have indicated that Ukrainian citizens place high expectations on these new leaders. Today, 29% of Ukrainians are convinced that this younger generation of politicians will achieve great results in moving the country towards democracy and a socially oriented economy. This new generation emerges not only from the political sector, but also in areas of business, culture, education, etc. Their influence is already appreciable.
      
      These younger politicians and liberal oriented non-governmental organizations have introduced the concept of a socially oriented economy- something new in the language of Ukrainian politics and old style Soviet economic history. They claim that it is critical for Ukraine to develop an economy that minimizes the number of citizens needing state assistance.
      
      Це щось нагадує єднання вітренківців і"озимих" КОзиПо-копняків на диспуті з Тимошенко...